The Construction of Teacher-Student Relationships in Song Dynasty Academies under the Imperial Examination System

Abstract

In the Song Dynasty, the academy flourished under the improvement of the imperial examination system, the decline of the official school and the impetus of the Neo-Confucianists, the development of various educational activities was more mature, the educational function was complete, the rules and regulations are sound, and the construction of teacher-student relationship in the institutional aspect has already been shaped. Based on this, the construction of the teacher-student relationship in the academy relies on the appointment of teachers, the strict selection of students, the innate advantages of natural space, the norms of the rules and regulations and the freedom of lecturing activities, and ultimately began with a firm two-way choice, refined in the high-quality consultation and refinement, and lasted in the solid emotional snuggling. In the overall construction process, the fundamental traits of being «both teacher and friend, long-lasting and stable» were gradually cultivated, not only to promote the dissemination and development of the Neo-Confucian, but also to a certain extent to purify the social atmosphere at that time.