Social innovation and accessibility in museum: the case of “SoStare al MANN” social inclusion project
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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.13138/2039-2362/2518Abstract
In recent years, the function of museums has changed from focusing on protecting cultural heritage to reach out to a wider audience and proposing a series of new methods to promote and display its collections and contribute towards collective cultural and social development. In this new vision, accessibility acquires a central role, asking to enable people who otherwise would have been excluded, be it because of physical disabilities or because suffering from behavioural and/or cognitive disorders, to enjoy the benefits of culture. Accordingly, some museums have developed a number of new approaches for people with special needs affected by autism spectrum disorder. At the same time these new activities are designed leveraging new competences and knowledge that museums only rarely own, but they can get access to them engaging local stakeholders in a process that starts from analysing the local area’ needs to develop new ways to visit the collections that can be seen as a social innovation. This work is concerned with analysing a project undertaken by the Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Napoli (National Archaeological Museum of Naples) with some of its stakeholders, aiming to understand whether, by altering the perspective of analysis, museums can introduce totally novel ways to approach their collections, so that they are more inclusive and welcoming for people affected by behavioural and/or cognitive disorders.
Negli ultimi anni, la funzione del museo è cambiata, passando dalla mera tutela del patrimonio culturale alla sua valorizzazione, tramite diversi e nuovi servizi rivolti a un più ampio pubblico, con il fine di essere un soggetto attivo per la crescita culturale e sociale della collettività. Al centro di questa funzione vi è l’accessibilità, che richiede di ampliare la fruizione del servizio alle persone affette da disabilità motorie e a quelle che presentano disordini comportamentali e/o cognitivi, tanto che alcuni musei hanno sviluppato nuovi approcci rivolti alle necessità delle persone affette da disordini dello spettro autistico. Allo stesso tempo queste nuove iniziative necessitano di competenze e conoscenze che solo raramente i musei hanno internamente, ma che possono essere ottenute coinvolgendo attivamente i portatori di interesse dell’organizzazione museale in un processo che parta dall’analisi delle necessità del contesto per sviluppare nuove modalità di fruizione che possono essere ritenute una forma di innovazione sociale. In questo lavoro si analizza un progetto che il Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Napoli ha avviato insieme ad alcuni stakeholder per comprendere come sia possibile sviluppare nuove modalità per valorizzare le proprie collezioni, rendendole più inclusive nei confronti delle persone affette da disordini comportamentali e/o cognitivi.
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