Inclusive development & civic wealth in UNESCO sites. A pilot project to regenerate the stables of the Duke Federico da Montefeltro in Urbino
Downloads
Additional Files
Pubblicato
Fascicolo
Sezione
Licenza
La licenza adottata è la Creative Commons - Attribuzione/Condividi allo stesso modo. Ovvero, gli autori che pubblicano su questa rivista accettano le seguenti condizioni:
- Gli autori mantengono i diritti sulla loro opera e cedono alla rivista il diritto di prima pubblicazione dell'opera, contemporaneamente licenziata sotto una Licenza Creative Commons - Attribuzione che permette ad altri di condividere l'opera indicando la paternità intellettuale e la prima pubblicazione su questa rivista.
- Gli autori possono aderire ad altri accordi di licenza non esclusiva per la distribuzione della versione dell'opera pubblicata (es. depositarla in un archivio istituzionale o pubblicarla in una monografia), a patto di indicare che la prima pubblicazione è avvenuta su questa rivista.
- Gli autori possono diffondere la loro opera online (es. in repository istituzionali o nel loro sito web) prima e durante il processo di submission, poiché può portare a scambi produttivi e aumentare le citazioni dell'opera pubblicata.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.13138/2039-2362/3192Abstract
The study focuses on how local administrations can activate and foster the process of linking cultural heritage to civic wealth creation by engaging different stakeholders in urban regeneration initiatives. The research design relies on the observation of a project known as “the Relaunch of the DATA space” – the stables of the Duke Federico da Montefeltro – in Urbino (Italy). The premises that activated local communities to collaborate on the project have been reconstructed and interpreted under the theoretical lens of civic wealth creation. The methodology adopted to reconstruct the processes put in place, the premises and factors that activated the mechanisms supposed to create civic wealth and the outcomes generated, was based on a qualitative approach. Multiple sources (both primary and secondary sources) were used to grasp stakeholders’ opinions on culture-led regeneration initiatives and to identify approaches for citizen engagement, including semi-structured interviews addressed to key actors involved in the project, analysis of public documents and public discussions, municipality website and the city strategic plan. Findings highlight that the rediscovery and reuse of one’s cultural heritage rooted in a common identity may become the glue that favours networking and the community’s wellbeing. However, as civic wealth creation requires the key stakeholders’ expectations come together, our case study reveals that collaboration among stakeholders strongly necessitates the support of the local administration as a facilitator/orchestrator, pursuing balance among different visions and needs over time.
Lo studio affronta il tema di come le amministrazioni locali fronteggiano la sfida di rigenerare le città storiche culturali grazie all’impegno delle comunità e degli stakeholder valorizzando il patrimonio culturale (CH). Il caso di studio presentato è quello della città di Urbino (Italia), patrimonio UNESCO. Il disegno di ricerca si basa sull’osservazione di un’iniziativa specifica, nota come “il rilancio dello spazio DATA” (le scuderie del Duca Federico da Montefeltro risalenti al Rinascimento). Le premesse che hanno attivato le comunità locali a collaborare al progetto sono state ricostruite e interpretate sotto la lente teorica della creazione di ricchezza civica. La metodologia adottata per ricostruire i processi messi in atto, i fattori che hanno attivato i meccanismi di generazione di ricchezza civica e i risultati generati, si è basata su un approccio qualitativo. Per cogliere la percezione degli stakeholder sul CH e identificare gli approcci per il coinvolgimento dei cittadini, le informazioni sono state tratte da una molteplicità di fonti primarie e secondarie (interviste non strutturate rivolte agli attori chiave coinvolti nel progetto, analisi di documenti e discussioni pubbliche, delibere del Consiglio comunale, analisi del sito web del Comune). I risultati evidenziano che la riscoperta del proprio patrimonio culturale, basato sull’eredità del passato ma riutilizzato nella vita quotidiana, può diventare il collante che favorisce il networking e il benessere della comunità. Tuttavia, poiché la creazione di ricchezza civica richiede che visioni e interessi dei principali stakeholder convergano, il caso di studio rivela che la collaborazione tra gli stakeholder ha fortemente bisogno del sostegno dell’amministrazione locale come facilitatore/organizzatore capace di perseguire nel tempo un equilibrio tra le diverse esigenze e aspettative.
Riferimenti bibliografici
Abraham A., Platteau J.P. (2004), Participatory development: Where culture creeps, in Culture and public action, edited by V. Rao, M. Walton, Stanford, US: Stanford University Press, pp. 210-233.
Alvord S.H., Brown L.D., Letts C.V. (2004), Social Entrepreneurship and Societal Transformation: An Exploratory Study, «The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science», 40, n. 3, pp. 260-282, https://doi.org/10.1177/0021886304266847.
Amin A., Thrift N. (2007), Cultural-economy and cities, «Progress in Human Geography», 31, n. 2, pp. 143-161.
Amore A., Falk M., Adie B.A. (2020), One Visitor Too Many: Assessing the Degree of Overtourism in Established European Urban Destinations, «International Journal of Tourism Cities», 6, n. 1, pp. 117-37.
Atkinson R., Bridge G., edited by (2005), Gentrification in a Global Context. The new urban colonialism, 2005 Housing and Society, London: Routledge.
Aureli S., Del Baldo M. (2022), Stakeholders’ consciousness of cultural heritage and the reconciliation of different needs for sustainable development, «Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development», pp. 1-19, https://doi.org/10.1108/JCHMSD-10-2020-0156.
Aureli S., Del Baldo M., Demartini P. (2020), Attracting youth in the regeneration of historic cities for the spur of cultural and creative entrepreneurship, in Entrepreneurship in the Digital Era, 2020 RENT XXXIV Proceedings (November 19-20), pp. 1-16.
Aureli S., Del Baldo M., Demartini P. (2021a), Civic Wealth Creation: Reinterpreting and Regenerating Historical Cities, in Managing Knowledge in Uncertain Times, IFKAD 2021 Conference Proceedings (Rome, Italy, 1-3 September 2021), pp. 1-17.
Aureli S., Del Baldo M., Demartini P. (2021b), “Next Generation Italia” and interventions on Cultural Heritage in small historical towns: from opportunities to actions?, in Beyond the crisis: what is the future for small businesses? Challenges, opportunities and lessons learned, 5th PISB Workshop Conference Proceedings (Urbino, 3-4 December 2021), Urbino: Urbino University Press, pp. 257-274.
Azmi N.F., Ali A.S., Ahmad F. (2021), Exploring the challenges in protecting the identity of small historic towns in Malaysia, «Open House International», 46, n. 1, pp. 64-80.
Bacq S., Hertel C., Lumpkin T. (2020), Societal Impact at the Nexus of Entrepreneurship and Community: Taking Stock and Looking Ahead, Academy of Management Proceedings, https://doi.org/10.5465/AMBPP.2020.288.
Bailey R.C., Lumpkin G.T. (2021), Enacting Positive Social Change: A Civic Wealth Creation Stakeholder Engagement Framework, «Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice», 47, n. 21, pp. 66-90, https://doi.org/10.1177/10422587211049745.
Balsas C.J.L. (2022), Creative and Sustainable Town-Gown a Place Triad Genius Loci, «Environment, Space, Place», 13, n. 2, pp. 76-92, https://doi.org/10.1353/spc.2021.a850970.
Billore S. (2021), Cultural Consumption and Citizen Engagement – Strategies for Built Heritage Conservation and Sustainable Development. A Case Study of Indore City, India, «Sustainability», 13, n. 5, 2878, https://doi.org/10.3390/su13052878.
Biondi L., Demartini P., Marchegiani L., Marchiori M., Piber M. (2020), Understanding orchestrated participatory cultural initiatives: Mapping the dynamics of governance and participation, «Cities», n. 96, 102459.
Blake J. (2000), On defining the cultural heritage, «International & Comparative Law Quarterly», 49, n. 1, pp. 61-85.
Branzei O., Parker S. C., Moroz P.W., Gamble, E. (2018), Going pro-social: Extending the individual-venture nexus to the collective level, «Journal of Business Venturing», 33, n. 5, pp. 551-565.
Byrne D. (2008), Heritage as Social Action, in The Heritage Reader, edited by G. Fairclough, R. Harrison, J.H. Jameson, J. Schofield, London: Routledge, pp. 149-73.
Camagni R., Capello R., Cerisola S., Panzera E. (2020), The Cultural Heritage – Territorial Capital nexus: theory and empirics, «Il capitale culturale. Studies on the Value of Cultural Heritage», Supplementi, n. 11, pp. 33-59, https://doi.org/10.13138/2039-2362/2547.
Carrillo F.J. (2004), Capital cities: a taxonomy of capital accounts for knowledge cities, «Journal of Knowledge Management», 8, n. 5, pp. 28-46.
Cerquetti M. (2016), La valorizzazione del patrimonio culturale nei territori periferici. Un possibile approccio interdisciplinare applicato al caso di Mevale di Visso (MC), «Il capitale culturale. Studies on the Value of Cultural Heritage», n. 13, pp. 421-465, https://doi.org/10.13138/2039-2362/1357.
Cervello-Royo R., Garrido-Yserte R., Segura-Garcìa del Rìo B. (2012), An urban regeneration model in heritage areas in search of sustainable urban development and internal cohesion, «Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development», 2, n. 1, pp. 44-61.
CHCfE Consortium (2015), Cultural heritage counts for Europe, Krakow: CHCfE Consortium.
Cooke P.N., Lazzeretti L., edited by (2008), Creative cities, cultural clusters and local economic development, Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing.
Council of Europe (2005), Council of Europe Framework Convention on the Value of Cultural Heritage for Society, Treaty Series, n. 199, Faro, 27th October 2005, https://rm.coe.int/1680083746, 26.07.2023.
Dameri R.P., Demartini P. (2020), Knowledge transfer and translation in cultural ecosystems, «Management Decision», 58, n. 9, pp. 1885-1907, https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-10-2019-1505.
Del Baldo M., Demartini P. (2016), Responsabilità sociale di territorio, network sinergici e governo locale, «Piccola Impresa/Small Business», n. 3. https://doi.org/10.14596/pisb.229.
Del Baldo M., Demartini P. (2021), Cultural Heritage through the “youth eyes”: towards participatory governance and management of UNESCO sites, in Cultural Initiatives for Sustainable Development. Management, Participation and Entrepreneurship in the Cultural and Creative Sector, edited by P. Demartini, L. Marchegiani, M. Marchiori, G. Schiuma, Springer: Cham, Switzerland, pp. 293-320, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65687-4.
Della Lucia M., Trunfio M. (2018), The role of the private actor in cultural regeneration: Hybridizing cultural heritage with creativity in the city, «Cities», n. 82, pp. 35-44.
Demartini P., Marchegiani L., Marchiori M. (2020), Culture Invites Participation. An Inquiry on Matera as European Capital of Culture 2019, in Management, Participation and Entrepreneurship in the Cultural and Creative Sector, edited by M. Piber, Cham: Springer, pp. 161-186, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46796-8_9.
Dey I. (2003), Qualitative data analysis: A user friendly guide for social scientists, Oxfordshire, UK: Routledge.
Echter C.P. (2015), The cultural heritage counts for Europe project and historic cities, «Journal Sustainable Development, Culture, Traditions», n. 1a, pp. 49-65.
Ertan T., Eğercioğlu Y. (2016), Historic city center Urban regeneration: case of Malaga and Kemeraltı, Izmir, «Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences», n. 223, pp. 601-607.
Etikan I., Musa S.A., Alkassim R.S. (2016), Comparison of convenience sampling and purposive sampling, «American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics», 5, n. 1, pp. 1-4.
Farinosi M., Fortunati L., O’Sullivan J., Pagani L. (2018), Enhancing classical methodological tools to foster participatory dimensions in local urban planning, «Cities», n. 88, pp. 235-242.
Feehan D.M., Zingsheim P. (2019), Downtown des moines transformation 1980-2019, «Journal of Urban Regeneration and Renewal», 13, n. 2, pp. 130-150.
Franch M. (2020), Collaborazione pubblico-privato per lo sviluppo sostenibile del territorio, «Il capitale culturale. Studies on the Value of Cultural Heritage», Supplementi, n. 11, pp. 133-140, https://doi.org/10.13138/2039-2362/2534.
Ginzarly M., Teller J. (2018), Eliciting cultural heritage values: landscape preferences vs representative images of the city, «Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development», 8, n. 3, pp. 257-275.
Gioia D.A., Corley K.G., Hamilton A.L., (2012), Seeking Qualitative Rigor in Inductive Research: Notes on the Gioia Methodology, «Organizational Research Methods», 16, n. 1, pp. 15-31.
Girard L.F. (2010), Sustainability, creativity, resilience: toward new development strategies of port areas through evaluation processes, «International Journal of Sustainable Development», 13, n. 1-2, pp. 161-184.
Girard F., Gravagnuolo A., Nocca F., Angrisano M., Bosone M. (2015), Towards an economic impact assessment framework for historic urban landscape conservation and regeneration projects, «BDC. Bollettino del Centro Calza Bini», 15, n. 2, pp. 265-293.
Glynn M.A. (2019), 2018 Presidential address – The mission of community and the promise of collective action, «Academy of Management Review», 44, n. 2, pp. 244-253.
Haugh H. (2005), Social enterprise: Beyond economic outcomes and individual returns, in Social entrepreneurship, edited by J. Mair, J. Robinson, K. Hockerts, London: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 180-205.
Higgins V. (2020), Overtourism in historic cities and its impact on the local community: Cities without citizens, in Communities and Cultural Heritage, edited by V. Higgins, D. Douglas, London: Routledge, pp. 47-56.
Howard P. (2003), Heritage: management, interpretation, identity, London, New York: Continuum.
Hribar M.Š., Bole D., Pipan P. (2015), Sustainable heritage management: social, economic and other potentials of culture in local development, «Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences», n. 188, pp. 103-110.
ICOMOS (2015), Concept Note for the United Nations Post-2015 Agenda and the Third United Nations Conference on Housing and Sustainable Urban Development (Habitat III), Cultural Heritage, The UN Sustainable Development Goals, and the New Urban Agenda, November 20.
Jimura T. (2011), The impact of world heritage site designation on local communities-A case study of Ogimachi, Shirakawa-mura, Japan, «Tourism Management», 32, n. 2, pp. 288-296.
Jung T.H., Lee J., Yap M.H., Ineson E.M. (2015), The role of stakeholder collaboration in culture-led urban regeneration: A case study of the Gwangju project, Korea, «Cities», n. 44, pp. 29-39.
Jover J., Díaz-Parra I. (2020), Who is the city for? Overtourism, lifestyle migration and social sustainability, «Tourism Geographies», https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2020.1713878.
La Rosa D., Privitera R., Barbarossa L., La Greca P. (2017), Assessing spatial benefits of urban regeneration programs in a highly vulnerable urban context: A case study in Catania, Italy, «Landscape and Urban Planning», n. 157, pp. 180-192.
Loulanski T. (2006), Cultural Heritage in Socio-Economic Development: Local and Global Perspectives, «Environments», 34, n. 2, pp. 51-69.
Lumpkin G.T., Bacq S. (2019), Civic wealth creation: A new view of stakeholder engagement and societal impact, «Academy of Management Perspectives», 33, n. 4, pp. 383-404.
Lumpkin G.T., Bacq S. (2022), Family business, community embeddedness, and civic wealth creation, «Journal of Family Business Strategy», 13, n. 2, pp. 1-6, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2021.100469.
Lumpkin G.T., Bacq S., Pidduck R.J. (2018), Where change happens: Community‐level phenomena in social entrepreneurship research, «Journal of Small Business Management», 56, n. 1, pp. 24-50.
Macdonald S., Cheong C. (2014), The role of public-private partnerships and the third sector in conserving heritage buildings, sites, and historic urban areas, Los Angeles: Getty Conservation Institute.
MacQueen K.M., McLellan E., Kay K., Milstein B. (1998), Codebook Development for Team-Based Qualitative Analysis, «Cultural Anthropology Methods», 10, n. 2, pp. 31-36, https://doi.org/10.1177/1525822X980100020301.
Magistretti S., Dell’Era C., Frattini F., Petruzzelli A.M. (2020), Innovation through tradition in design-intensive family firms, «Journal of Knowledge Management», 24, n. 4, pp. 823-839, https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-07-2019-0399.
Martí-Costa M., Pradel M. (2011), The knowledge city against urban creativity? Artists’ workshops and urban regeneration in Barcelona, «European Urban and Regional Studies», 19, n. 1, pp. 92-108.
Micelli E., Pellegrini P. (2018), Wasting heritage. The slow abandonment of the Italian Historic Centers, «Journal of Cultural Heritage», n. 31, pp. 180-188.
Miles M.B., Huberman M.A. (1994), Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Miles M.B., Huberman M.A., Johnny Saldaña J. (2013), Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook Book, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Montella M. (2009), Valore e valorizzazione del patrimonio culturale storico, Milano: Electa.
Montella M. (2010), Le scienze aziendali per la valorizzazione del capitale culturale storico, «Il capitale culturale. Studies on the Value of Cultural Heritage», n. 1, pp. 11-22.
Municipality of Urbino (2013), Piano di Gestione del Centro Storico di Urbino Sito UNESCO (UNESCO Heritage Site Management Plan), Internal Document Obtained from the Urban Planning Office of the Municipality of Urbino.
Municipality of Urbino (2016), Urbino PerBene (Urbino for Good) Project, Council resolution March 24, 2016, Urbino, UNESCO Office – Urban Decoration and Urban Hygiene Department, https://www.comune.urbino.pu.it/fileadmin/docs/settori/unesco/ufficio_unesco/attivita-ufficio-unesco-allegati/Urbino_per_Bene.pdf, 26.07.2023.
Murzyn-Kupisz M. (2012), Cultural Quarters as a means of enhancing the Creative Capacity of Polish Cities? Evidence from Cracow, «Quastiones Goeographicae», 31, n. 4, pp. 63-76.
Nicholas L.N., Thapa B., Ko Y.J. (2009), Residents’ perspectives of a World Heritage Site: the pitons management area, St. Lucia, «Annals of Tourism Research», 36, n. 3, pp. 390-412.
Nocca F. (2017), The role of cultural heritage in sustainable development: Multidimensional indicators as decision-making tool, «Sustainability», 9, n. 10, 1882.
Nyseth T., Sognnæs J. (2013), Preservation of old towns in Norway: Heritage discourses, community processes and the new cultural economy, «Cities», n. 31, pp. 69-75.
Patton M. (1990), Designing qualitative studies, in Qualitative Evaluation and Research Methods, edited by M. Patton, Beverly Hills, CA: Sage, pp. 169-186.
Peredo A.M., Chrisman J. (2006), Towards a Theory of Community-based Enterprise, «Academy of Management Review», n. 2, pp. 309-328.
Power D., Scott A.J. (2004), Cultural Industries and the Production of Culture, London: Routledge.
Putnam R.D. (2000), Bowling Alone, New York: Simon and Schuster.
Rakic T., Chambers D. (2008), World heritage: exploring the tension between the national and the ‘Universal’, «Journal of Heritage Tourism», 2, n. 3, pp. 145-155.
Rakitovac K.A., Urošević N., Vojnović N. (2021), Interpreting the Mediterranean Archaeological landscape through Stakeholders’ Participation–The Case of Vrsar, Croatia, «International Journal of Euro-Mediterranean Studies», 14, n. 1, pp. 49-84.
Roberts P. (2000), The evolution, definition and purpose of urban regeneration, in Urban regeneration: A handbook, edited by P. Robert, H. Skye, London: Sage Publication.
Rodwell D. (2003), Sustainability and the Holistic Approach to the Conservation of Historic Cities, «Journal of Architectural Conservation», n. 1, pp. 58-73.
Rodwell D. (2008), Conservation and sustainability in historic cities, Hoboken: Wiley.
Rudokas K., Grazuleviciute-Vileniske I. (2021), Total heritage: future Eopolis for cultural urban singularity, «Foresight», 23, n. 1, pp. 95-108.
Sacco P., Ferilli G., Blessi G.T. (2014), Understanding culture-led local development: A critique of alternative theoretical explanations, «Urban Studies», 51, n. 13, pp. 2806-2821.
Sacco P., Ghirardi S., Tartari M., Trimarchi M. (2019), Two versions of heterotopia: The role of art practices in participative urban renewal processes, «Cities», n. 89, pp. 199-208.
Sacco P.L., Segre G. (2009), Creativity, cultural investment and local development: a new theoretical framework for endogenous growth, «DADI/ WP», 8, n. 6, pp. 1-21.
Schwartz-Shea P., Yanow D. (2013), Interpretive research design: Concepts and processes, London: Routledge.
Sherraden M.S., Moore A., Hong P. (2000), Savers speak: Case studies with IDA participants, Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Society for Social Work Research, Charleston, SC.
Sontum K.H., Fredriksen P.D. (2018), When The Past is slipping. Value tensions and responses by heritage management to demographic changes: a case study from Oslo, Norway, «International Journal of Heritage Studies», pp. 406-420, https://doi.org/10.1080/13527258.2017.1378907.
Stephan U., Patterson M., Kelly C., Mair J. (2016), Organizations driving positive social change: A review and an integrative framework of change processes, «Journal of management», 42, n. 5, pp. 1250-1281.
Stolarick K., Florida R. (2006), Creativity, connections and innovation: a study of linkages in the Montréal Region, «Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space», 38, n. 10, pp. 1799-1817.
Strauss A., Corbin J. (1990), Basics of qualitative research, Thousand Oaks-London-New Delhi: Sage.
Throsby D. (1999), Cultural Capital, «Journal of Cultural Economics», 23, n. 1-2, pp. 3-12.
Throsby D. (2003), Determining the value of cultural goods: How much (or how little) does contingent valuation tell us?, «Journal of Cultural Economics», 27, n. 3-4, pp. 275-285.
Thurley S., Busquin P., Spek T., Brandt-Grau A., Clausse G., Gustafsson C., Kolar J., Lazarro E., Smith B., Mallouchou-Tufano F. (2015), Getting cultural heritage to work for Europe, Report of the Horizon 2020 Expert Group on Cultural Heritage, Brussels, https://doi.org/10.2777/745666.
UNESCO (2008), Historic districts for all a social and human approach for sustainable revitalization. Manual for city professionals, Paris: UNESCO, https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000158331, 26.07.2023.
UNESCO (2011), Recommendation on the Historic Urban Landscape, Paris: UNESCO World Heritage Centre.
UNESCO (2013), The Hangzhou Declaration. Placing Culture at the Heart of Sustainable Development Policies, Adopted in Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China, on 17 May 2013, https://www.icomos.org/images/DOCUMENTS/Working_Groups/SDG/UNESCO_2013_Hangzhou_Declaration-_Culture_and_Sustainable_Development.pdf, 26.07.2023.
UN-Habitat (2008), Best Practices on Social Sustainability in Historic Districts, https://unhabitat.org/best-practices-on-social-sustainability-in-historic-districts, 26.07.23.
United Nations (2015), Transforming our world: The 2030 agenda for sustainable development, 21 October 2015, https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N15/291/89/PDF/N1529189.pdf?OpenElement, 26.07.2023.
Vecco M. (2010), A definition of cultural heritage: From the tangible to the intangible, «Journal of Cultural Heritage», 11, n. 3, pp. 321-324.
Vecco M. (2020), Genius loci as a meta-concept, «Journal of Cultural Heritage», n. 41, pp. 225-231.
Vollero A., Siano A., Golinelli C.M., Conte F. (2016), Il coinvolgimento dei residenti nelle attività di promozione di un sito UNESCO (WHS). Un caso esplorativo sulla Costiera Amalfitana, «Il capitale culturale. Studies on the Value of Cultural Heritage», n. 13, pp. 363-389.
WHC (2007), World Heritage: Challenges for the Millennium, Paris: UNESCO World Heritage Centre, uis.unesco.org/sites/default/files/documents/world-heritage-challenges-for-the-millennium-2007-en.pdf, 26.07.2023.
Yuval F. (2022), To compete or cooperate? Intermunicipal management of overtourism, «Journal of Travel Research», 61, n. 6, pp. 1327-1341.
Zukin S., Kasinitz P., Chen X. (2015), Global cities, local streets: Everyday diversity from New York to Shanghai, London: Routledge.