L’utilizzo e il valore del crowdfunding per le organizzazioni del patrimonio culturale / The use and value of crowdfunding for cultural heritage organisations
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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.13138/2039-2362/3015Abstract
Il dibattito sulla necessità di ripensare le strutture di finanziamento del settore dei beni culturali ha recentemente sottolineato le potenzialità delle fonti di finanziamento partecipative, fra cui il crowdfunding. Da un lato, tale modalità di raccolta fondi è stata fin dagli esordi molto legata al settore culturale e creativo e sono presenti sul mercato diverse piattaforme di crowdfunding specifiche per questo settore. Dall’altro, mentre alcune branche del settore culturale e creativo hanno ormai grande familiarità con questa forma di finanziamento, altre sembrano ancora piuttosto riluttanti ad usarlo: fra queste il settore del patrimonio culturale. L’obiettivo di questo articolo è di esplorare criticamente questo punto, cercando di capire se il crowdfunding sia veramente percepito come uno strumento utile e necessario per aumentare la resilienza finanziaria del patrimonio culturale e quali siano gli usi e valori a esso attribuiti dalle organizzazioni che si occupano della gestione dei beni culturali. I risultati della ricerca qualitativa su cinque casi studio di grandi istituzioni e musei parigini indicano che le organizzazioni culturali non lo percepiscono ancora come un efficace metodo di raccolta fondi, ma che lo ritengono invece un valido strumento per raggiungere, sensibilizzare e coinvolgere le comunità, non solo verso il progetto o l’ente promotore ma verso tutto il settore del patrimonio culturale.
The debate on the need to rethink funding structures for the cultural heritage sector has recently highlighted the potential of participatory funding sources, including crowdfunding. On the one hand, this mode of fundraising has been closely linked to the cultural and creative sector since its inception, and several crowdfunding platforms dedicated to this sector are present on the market. On the other hand, while some branches of the cultural and creative sector are now very familiar with this form of funding, others still seem reluctant to use it: among them, the heritage sector. The aim of this article is to critically explore this point, trying to understand whether crowdfunding is really perceived as a useful and necessary tool to increase the resilience of cultural heritage and what uses and values are attributed to it by cultural heritage organisations. The results of the qualitative research on five case studies of large institutions and museums in Paris indicate that cultural heritage organisations do not yet perceive it as an effective fundraising method, but that they still consider it a valuable tool to reach, raise awareness and engage communities, not only towards the project or the promoting organisation, but towards the whole cultural heritage sector.
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